{"id":3499,"date":"2021-09-30T06:38:18","date_gmt":"2021-09-30T06:38:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/2021\/09\/30\/%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-11-%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b8-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84\/"},"modified":"2021-10-06T07:49:38","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T07:49:38","slug":"%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-11-%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b8-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-11-%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b8-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 11 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"http:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Picture1.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Picture1.jpg?w=640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Picture1.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 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aria-level=\"1\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 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aria-level=\"1\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631):<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0639.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0644.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u0642\u0631\u0639.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>2. \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0641\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0641\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 Excalibur (\u0648\u0644\u0627! \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0641 \ud83d\ude0a)<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0641\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0641 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 (\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0630\u0629):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>3. \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"http:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Canning.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Canning.jpg?w=640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Canning.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629\u060c<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u060c<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a PH.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0641\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638: \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 2 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 4.6 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645 (\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0635\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 212 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u064a.\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u0645\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f (\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bhg.com\/recipes\/how-to\/preserving-canning\/pressure-canning-basics\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628<\/a>\u00a0\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>1. \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u0623\u0636\u0641 2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u062e\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 180 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647.\u00a0\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.\u00a0\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>5. \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>6. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.\u00a0\u0648\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u060c \u0627\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>7. \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>8. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u200b\u200b\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u061b\u00a0\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0630\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0642<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>4. \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"http:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/smoked-meat.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/smoked-meat.jpg?w=640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/smoked-meat.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0647\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u061b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0637\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>5. \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"http:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/freezing-meat.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/freezing-meat.jpg?w=640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/freezing-meat.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646.\u00a0\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0642 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u062e.\u00a0\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u060c \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0636\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u063a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/extension.umn.edu\/preserving-and-preparing\/vegetable-blanching-directions-and-times-home-freezer-storage\">\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0642<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629.\u00a0\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062b\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u062a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/commonsensehome.com\/vacuum-sealers\/\">\u0623\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<li>\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c.\u00a0\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0631\u0642\u062a \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062c\u0628\u0646\u0647<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>6. \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u062f (Lyophilization)<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649:\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0\u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u060c \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u060c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0641\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0641\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u060c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 95\u066a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629.\u00a0\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0649 5\u066a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 5\u066a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0641\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0631\u062c \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0648 \u0645\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>7. \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"544\" height=\"568\" src=\"http:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Fermented-beetroot-e1632321429140.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Fermented-beetroot-e1632321429140.jpg?w=544&amp;ssl=1 544w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Fermented-beetroot-e1632321429140.jpg?resize=287%2C300&amp;ssl=1 287w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 544px) 100vw, 544px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0632\u062c\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629.\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 (\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d (\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631) \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.\u00a0\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/foodsafety.wisc.edu\/assets\/pdf_Files\/Fermented_Vegetables.pdf\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/a>\u00a0\u0644\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0645\u0631.\u00a0\u062b\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>8. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0643\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>9. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0644 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644)<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pickled-food.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pickled-food.jpg?w=640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/wikiyummies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/pickled-food.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0623\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062d.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0637.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0628\u0635\u0644.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>10. \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062c\u0628\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>11. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\t\t\t<a href=\"#Contents\" role=\"button\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a (\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u060c 3.8 \u0644\u062a\u0631):<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: right;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 145 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (63 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.\u00a0\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 145 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 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\u0645\u0646&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3483,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","iawp_total_views":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,4],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-3499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-16","category-4"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3499"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4099,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3499\/revisions\/4099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3499"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikiyummies.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=3499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}